Diaphragm walls are special structures used in construction projects requiring deep excavation and underground support. They are essentially continuous, reinforced concrete walls built directly into the ground using slurry trench technology. Here are details of their uses, manufacturing process and key features:

Where Diaphragm Walls Excel: Applications Unveiled

1. Basement construction: Diaphragm walls are ideal for building deep basements, especially in urban areas with limited space.

2. Underground structures: They provide support for underground car parks, metro stations, tunnels and other underground infrastructure.

3. Waterproofing and excavation aid: Diaphragm walls act as effective barriers against water ingress and prevent soil collapse during deep excavation.

4. Cut-off walls: These can be used to create impermeable barriers to control groundwater flow for basements, dams, and other structures.

The Art of Diaphragm Wall Construction: Step by Step

1. Guide wall installation: Two parallel concrete beams (guide walls) are constructed on top to guide the excavation equipment and maintain stability.

2. Panel excavation: A special grab excavates a narrow trench filled with bentonite slurry, a special fluid that stabilizes soil and prevents water ingress.

3. Reinforcement and concreting: Steel reinforcement cages are lowered into the trench, followed by pouring concrete using the tremie method to displace the slurry and form the wall panels.

4. Secondary panels: After the initial panels are cured, secondary panels are constructed in the gaps between them to form a continuous wall.

Key Features Setting Diaphragm Walls Apart

1. High strength and stiffness: Diaphragm walls can withstand significant lateral earth and water pressure, making them suitable for deep excavations.

2. Watertightness: The bentonite slurry and interlocking joints between the panels ensure watertightness, which is important for basements and underground structures.

3. Adaptability: Diaphragm walls can be manufactured in various thicknesses and depths to meet specific project requirements.

4. Minimal Vibration: Slurry trench technology reduces ground vibration compared to traditional excavation methods, reducing impact on surrounding structures.

Additional Considerations in Diaphragm Wall Construction

1. Diaphragm wall construction is a complex process requiring specialized equipment and expertise.
2. The use of bentonite slurry necessitates proper disposal or recycling after construction.
3. While a robust solution, diaphragm walls can be expensive compared to other retaining wall options.